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difference of bohr model and rutherford model orbit model (1 viewing) (1) Guests
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TOPIC: difference of bohr model and rutherford model orbit model
#1787
mchief (Visitor)
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difference of bohr model and rutherford model orbit model  
every model of the planets orbits i have ever seen shows them all on the same plane... is this realistic, or just a simplificaton? if it matches reality, are the forces involved in any way the same as those acting on an electron in orbit around a nucleus? is the orbital model still current?
 
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#1788
Chris Hillman (Visitor)
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difference of bohr model and rutherford model orbit model  
is the orbital model still current? You mean the planetary model (early QM) not the orbital model (later QM), right?  If so, it still has its uses, which is why it is still taught to give students a handle on things like spectral lines. Chris Hillman
 
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#1789
Peter R Newman (Visitor)
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difference of bohr model and rutherford model orbit model  
is the orbital model still current? This question is too vague to answer, I think. Cheers, Pete *You do not have permission to add my address to a mailing list* WWW  : http://sa1.star.uclan.ac.uk/~prn Happy is he who has been able to learn the causes of things - Virgil
 
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#1790
Uncle Al (Visitor)
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difference of bohr model and rutherford model orbit model  
every model of the planets orbits i have ever seen shows them all on the same plane... is this realistic, or just a simplificaton? if it matches reality, are the forces involved in any way the same as those acting on an electron in orbit around a nucleus? is the orbital model still current? It's good within a few percent.  A gravitationally collapsing spinning cloud goes diskoid to minimize energy.  Angular momenum is conserved. The formulae for gravity and electrostatic interaction are both of the form (constant)(source1)(source2)/r^2. Electrons don't orbit the nucleus.  They are quantum mechanical standing waves (unless it is more convenient to have them orbiting the nucleus).
 
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#1791
Bryan W. Reed (Visitor)
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difference of bohr model and rutherford model orbit model  
every model of the planets orbits i have ever seen shows them all on the same plane... is this realistic, or just a simplificaton? if it matches reality, are the forces involved in any way the same as those acting on an electron in orbit around a nucleus? is the orbital model still current? All of the planets except Pluto are in nearly the same plane.  Pluto isn't extremely far from this plane.  The reason for this has to do with the way the planets formed from a spinning disk of material. The forces involved have the same sort of mathematical form but come from completely different sources.  One is gravitational, the other electromagnetic. The behavior is very different because of the enormous differences in scale (typical values for mass, distance, and energy).  So for planets it's an excellent approximation to treat them classically, while electrons orbiting nuclei have to be treated quantum mechanically.  The behavior is so different that the use of the word orbit can be misleading.  The electrons certainly don't orbit the nucleus in the same sense that planets orbit the sun.  For example, if the atom is sitting in its ground state, nothing within the atom is moving.  It's in what we call a stationary state, with clouds of electron probability centerred on the nucleus and just sitting there. As to your last question
 
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#1792
difference of bohr model and rutherford model orbit model  
 The orbits of the planets in one plane seem to be a natural consequence of conservation of angular momentum in the collapse of the cloud of gas from which the solar system formed.  The orbitals of electrons is a quite different kettle of fish (even though angular momentum is involved). I agree, but would add the following: The electrostatic and gravitational forces are both proportional to 1/R^2, but an atom with Z1 is very different from the solar system for two reasons: 1) Quantum mechanic is important in an atom; and 2) The forces between electrons, unlike those between planets, are not    small perturbations. Item (2) does not apply for hydrogen (Z=1); and it turns out the old quantum theory, with the electron in a Keplerian orbit about the nucleus, worked pretty well for hydrogen.  The nonrelativistic Bohr model gave approximately the correct spectra, and relativistic corrections gave the fine structure.  Unfortunately, the old quantum theory was useless for computing the spectra of all elements other than hydrogen.  Wave mechanics is indispensable for that purpose (opinions of cranks to the contrary notwithstanding).
 
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